Perennes de jardín y plantas de borde: rústicas y fiables

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Las perennes resistentes de jardín son la base de cualquier jardín europeo de bajo mantenimiento: se plantan una vez, rebrotan cada año y se vuelven más fuertes y floridas con cada temporada. Entre las perennes de borde más fiables se cuentan Echinacea (equinácea), Rudbeckia (rudbeckia), Salvia nemorosa, Hardy Geranium (geranio resistente), Astilbe y Helenium. Descubra nuestra colección de perennes de jardín con entrega en 25 países de la UE.

¿Qué diferencia hay entre plantas anuales, bienales y perennes?

Las anuales completan todo su ciclo de vida (germinan, florecen, producen semilla y mueren) en una sola temporada de crecimiento (p. ej., Marigold, Nasturtium, Sweet Pea). Las bienales tardan dos años: roseta de hojas el primer año, flor y semilla el segundo, y luego mueren (p. ej., Foxglove, Wallflower). Las perennes viven 3 años o más, se secan en invierno pero rebrotan cada primavera desde la corona de la raíz (p. ej., Echinacea, Salvia, Geranium). «Resistente» significa que la perenne sobrevive sin protección a las temperaturas invernales europeas.

Las mejores perennes resistentes para jardines europeos

  • Echinacea (equinácea) — flores grandes de tipo margarita de julio a septiembre; sus cabezuelas de semillas atraen a las aves en invierno; totalmente resistente; tolera bien la sequía una vez establecida
  • Salvia nemorosa — intensas espigas violeta azuladas de mayo a agosto; vuelve a florecer si se retiran las flores marchitas; muy atractiva para las abejas; totalmente resistente; alcanza 40-60 cm
  • Hardy Geranium (geranio resistente) — la perenne más versátil; cubre el suelo; florece de mayo a septiembre; tolera la sombra y la sequía; se divide con facilidad; más de 100 variedades de jardín
  • Rudbeckia (rudbeckia) — margaritas amarillo dorado de agosto a octubre; prolonga el color hasta final de temporada; muy fácil; totalmente resistente; se resiembra de forma moderada
  • Astilbe — plumeros plumosos en rosa, rojo o blanco; imprescindible para sombra húmeda; de junio a agosto; espectacular junto a estanques y en jardines de bosque

Cuándo dividir las perennes de jardín

A la mayoría de las perennes les conviene dividirse cada 3 a 5 años: se apelmazan y florecen con menos profusión en el centro. Divídalas a principios de primavera (marzo-abril), cuando el nuevo crecimiento apenas asoma, o a principios de otoño (septiembre). Desentierre la mata, divídala con dos horquillas colocadas espalda con espalda o con una pala afilada, replante las secciones exteriores sanas con compost fresco y deseche el centro agotado. Una sola planta puede dar de 5 a 10 plantas nuevas con una única división.

Explore también: Plantas para polinizadores · Plantas de jardín campestre · Plantas de exterior

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